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Strati?cation on the basis of caste is found all over India. Caste system as a form of strati?cation has a stronghold in urban slum areas also. City-ward migration for Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe populations is synonymous with social development, as the city life offers socio-economic opportunities, better standards of living, educational and health facilities as compared to rural areas. The proportion of Scheduled Castes was higher in the slum areas (28.10%) compared to the population of Scheduled tribe in the country (21.19%). The state of Maharashtra has the largest number of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes living in urban slums. Andhra Pradesh had highest share of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe slum population in urban SC/ST population compared with other states
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One can use time to make an economic good which transferable but it cannot be sold or oven to somebody. It cannot be stealing. Time goes with each individual. It includes time used for personal are, eating, sleep and rest, medical care and related activities like cooking and shopping etc, these activities are needed for more subsistence. It includes time required to make a living or to keep a house. It is important, because, a substantial part of our lives is spent in working, whether we enjoy it or not “work is life and life is work” says Batten. Time used for work is not available for other activities. Work related time includes time used for such activities as travelling daily to and from work and growing one does for work. The researcher takes survey in the OMEGA ZIPS Company and impact of time usage in the production system.
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The semiconductor shortage has had a signi?cant impact on the automobile sector in India. Semiconductors are a vital component in the production of vehicles, and the shortage has resulted in production delays and reduced output for many automobile manufacturers in India. This research paper examines the impact of the current semiconductor shortage on the automotive industry. The research paper begins by exploring the causes of the shortage, including the global shift towards digitalization, the pandemic-induced surge in demand for technology products, and the limited production capacity of semiconductor manufacturers. The paper then examines the economic effects of the shortage, including reduced revenues, increased costs, and reduced supply. It further explores the strategies adopted by automotive manufacturers to mitigate the impact of the shortage, such as increasing production and increasing their investments in semiconductor manufacturers. Finally, the paper discusses the implications of the shortage and suggests effective solutions to address the crisis. A simulation is carried out to forecast the strength of manufacturing in India. The ?ndings of this research indicate that the current semiconductor shortage is having a signi?cant impact on the automotive industry, and that appropriate strategies should be adopted to address the crisis.
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Introduction: Acute glomerulonephritis is the most common reversible cause of kidney disease in children. Although most common presentations are oedema, hypertension, haematuria and oliguria, glomerulonephritis may manifest with atypical features. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Aims and objectives: frequency of various clinical manifestations of glomerulonephritis and to identify various abnormalities in laboratory pro?le in children with glomerulonephritis. 30 children admitted in paediatric department, King George Materials and methods: Hospital, Visakhapatnam with clinical features of glomerulonephritis were enrolled into the study . Data on clinical features, laboratory parameters and outcome was recorded. Males were more commonly affected. Majority were in the age Results: group of 9-12 years. Most common presentation was facial puf?ness. Atypical presentations were observed in 40% cases. Anaemia was observed in 50% cases. Hypertension was seen in 56% of cases. PSGN was commonest cause of AGN. Hypocomplementemia was seen in 80% cases. Even though most children with acute glomerulonephritis present Conclusion: with common clinical features, early identi?cation of atypical presentations of acute glomerulonephritis should be emphasised as their prompt recognition can lead to reduction in mortality
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Image processing techniques are one of the fastest developing technologies in the current world. These techniques encompass generic enhancement operations on images that make images viable for extractions of required information (Maier et al., 2019; Fernández-Pacheco et al., 2014). They are core research areas within the disciplines of engineering and computer sciences. Computer algorithms essentially process digital images using various tasks including reconstructions, restorations, compressions, enhancements, estimations of spectrums in images. Executions of these tasks result in analyses or classifications or detections of objects in digital images. Though image processing techniques can contribute towards growth of agriculture and specifically in determining weeds in cultivations, classification of weeds from images is a huge challenge. This chapter details on classification of crops and weeds using image processing techniques while focusing on improving classification accuracies using preprocessing, feature extractions, optimizations of feature selections, classifications, and deep learning approaches.
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Needle stick injuries (NSI) are occupational injuries in Health Care Workers (HCWs) on using sharps. Though there are more than 20 pathogens transmitted through NSI, human immune de?ciency virus (HIV), hepatitis B & C virus (HBV&HCV)[1] are of signi?cance due to grave complications and minimum available preventive measures. According to WHO, nearly 40% of HBV and 2.5% of HIV infections among HCWs is attributed to NSI[2]. The occurrence of NSI can be reduced if Standard Work Precautions are strictly adhered by all HCWs at all times and also by taking Post Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV & HBV within the golden period of 2 hour. This study is done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of HCWs of various categories on NSI and PEP. A Self structured questionnaire was administered to the study population (n=307) including Post graduates, Interns, Staff nurses, Nursing students , Lab technicians, Lab technical students. There was 10 questions under three sections.1) KNOWLEDGE 2) ATTITUDE 3) PRACTICE . This study revealed that knowledge regarding transmission of all three viruses (HIV,HBV,HCV) was less among paramedics compared to medicos, but the practice of HBV vaccination is the same. 53.1% of HCWs had NSI in our study. Majority incurred NSI during recapping needles. Attitude of HCW after being exposed to report NSI is very low (30.7%). Though 37.5% of the respondents not aware of golden hour of PEP, most of them aware of initiating PEP within 72 hours of exposure . Applying disinfectants/pressure over exposed area (38.9%) & recapping (31.6%) is still prevalent among study population. And 20 % of the HCWs were not vaccinated against Hepatitis B yet.
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BACKGROUND:Treadmill testing is the most widely used method for evaluating patients with coronary artery disease. Predicting the left main coronary artery disease (LMCA) before invasive procedure is important in risk assessment because of its grave clinical outcome. Lead aVR can be very useful in identifying LMCAobstruction. It is also valuable lead not only in diagnosis but also predicting the prognosis. AIM: To examine whether STelevation in aVR during TMTcorrelates with LMCAdisease in coronary Angiogram METHOD: In this study 100 patients with positive TMT were included. The study group consisted of 60 patients with ST elevation of > 1mm in aVR. 40 patients also have TMT positive but with < 1mm of ST elevation in aVR is the control group. All patients underwent coronary angiography. RESULTS: Coronary Angiography in the study group revealed significant LMCA disease in 36 (63%) patients whereas no LMCA disease in control group 12 (20%) patients had ostioproximal LAD leisions in study group 4 (10%) patients in the control group. Triple vessel disease in 10 (17%) patients in study group 6 (15%) patients in control group. Since the p value was significant, ST Elevation in aVR during TMT strongly predicts the presence of LMCADisease. CONCLUSION: STsegment elevation in aVR > 1mm during Treadmill testing is a strong predictor of LMCAdisease